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Identify Optimal CJ-4 Drain Intervals
To ensure optimal drain intervals when using CJ-4 oil formulations in engines using diesel particulate filters, test them regularly and closely monitor the effectiveness of both their lower starting base numbers and higher oxidative stability.
CJ-4 oils contain less ash content (detergents/dispersants additives containing magnesium and calcium) and lower amounts of ZDDP (Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate) - an anti-wear additive containing phosphorous and zinc. Excessive amount of ash, sulfur and phosphorus from CI-4 or CI-4+ oil will cause diesel particulate filter pore plugging preventing the DPF from converting NOx (Nitrous Oxide) to nitrogen and water vapor. It may also cause a loss of power, higher operating temperatures and increased fuel consumption.
But even while a lower ash content will maximize diesel particulate filter performance, it also means a lower starting base number which reduces the oil's ability to neutralize acids making oil testing even more important. It is important to remember that CJ-4 oils are backward compatible with older engines (prior to 2007) while the CI-4 and CI-4+ oils are not forward compatible with the 2007 engines.
Although ultra-low sulfur diesel fuels reduce the production of sulfuric acid, nitric acid production increases as nitrogen reacts with water vapor and heat during exhaust gas recirculation. However, CJ-4s also have higher oxidative stability, meaning that nitric acid formation from the oxidation/nitration process should develop at a slower rate.
To optimize CJ-4 drain intervals, take representative samples at regular intervals and closely monitor any noticeable trends in the oil's total base number and oxidation/nitration results. Be sure to provide the laboratory with the amount of time on both the engine and the oil for the most accurate extended drain recommendations.
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